https://spacerat.ch/ 2026-04-20T08:37:26+00:00 https://spacerat.ch/ https://spacerat.ch/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:logo.png text/html 2015-12-19T14:59:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=balls_of_steel_2015&rev=1450537157&do=diff My balls of steel award 2015 text/html 2025-08-06T12:07:30+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=bash_oneliners&rev=1754482050&do=diff BASH oneliners * Whats my WAN IP? dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com * Find large files, print 10 largest files in dir find . -printf '%s %p\n'|sort -nr|head * size of all files older than mtime find . -mtime +7 -print0 | du -hc --files0-from - | tail -n 1 text/html 2018-07-05T08:50:32+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=check_for_optimal_dd_blocksize&rev=1530780632&do=diff #!/bin/bash # Since we're dealing with dd, abort if any errors occur set -e TEST_FILE=${1:-dd_obs_testfile} [ -e "$TEST_FILE" ]; TEST_FILE_EXISTS=$? TEST_FILE_SIZE=134217728 # Header PRINTF_FORMAT="%8s : %s\n" printf "$PRINTF_FORMAT" 'block size' 'transfer rate' # Block sizes of 512b 1K 2K 4K 8K 16K 32K 64K 128K 256K 512K 1M 2M 4M 8M 16M 32M 64M for BLOCK_SIZE in 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32768 65536 131072 262144 524288 1048576 2097152 4194304 8388608 16777216 33554432 67108864 do # C… text/html 2016-03-01T08:56:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=connect_to_remote_mysql_through_putty_windows_client_linux_server&rev=1456822560&do=diff Connect to remote mysql through putty (windows client / linux server) aka tunneling ports through putty Fire up putty and connect to your server as usual Change putty tunnel settings as following: You can now connect to mysql as it would be local text/html 2016-01-13T08:23:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=fix_mysql_logrotate_error_on_jessie&rev=1452673405&do=diff echo "SET PASSWORD FOR 'debian-sys-maint'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('`sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf | grep password | head -n 1 | awk -F= '{ gsub(/[ \t]+/, "", $2); print $2 }'`');" | mysql -u root -p text/html 2019-05-08T19:38:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=geoip_iptables_blocking&rev=1557344316&do=diff GeoIP for use with iptables (Debian 8 Jessie) OUTDATED. MAXMIND stuff has changed. needs rework. install necessary software apt-get install libtext-csv-xs-perl xtables-addons-common create a weekly cronjob vi /etc/cron.weekly/maxmind #!/bin/sh GEOIP_MIRROR="http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database" TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/geoipupdate.XXXXXXXXXX) wget --no-verbose -t 3 -T 60 "${GEOIP_MIRROR}/GeoIPv6.csv.gz" -O "${TMPDIR}/GeoIPv6.csv.gz" wget --no-verbose -t 3 -T 60 "${GEOIP_M… text/html 2015-12-19T14:59:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=imperial_beep&rev=1450537157&do=diff The Imperial March as PC Speaker Beeps Comment out pcskpr module in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf [tom@jumper ~]$ sudo apt-get install beep [tom@jumper ~]$ sudo modprobe pcspkr [tom@jumper ~]$ beep -l 350 -f 392 -D 100 -n -l 350 -f 392 -D 100 -n -l 350 -f 392 -D 100 -n -l 250 -f 311.1 -D 100 -n -l 25 -f 466.2 -D 100 -n -l 350 -f 392 -D 100 -n -l 250 -f 311.1 -D 100 -n -l 25 -f 466.2 -D 100 -n -l 700 -f 392 -D 100 -n -l 350 -f 587.32 -D 100 -n -l 350 -f 587.32 -D 100 -n -l 350 -f 587.32 -D 100… text/html 2016-01-25T08:33:52+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=jessie_bind_chroot&rev=1453710832&do=diff Chrooted bind9 on Jessie credits to: <https://wiki.debian.org/Bind9> For Jessie, edit /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/bind9.service to add options “-t /var/bind9/chroot”: [Unit] Description=BIND Domain Name Server Documentation=man:named(8) After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/sbin/named -f -u bind -t /var/bind9/chroot ExecReload=/usr/sbin/rndc reload ExecStop=/usr/sbin/rndc stop [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target text/html 2016-05-09T13:21:34+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=limit_memory_swap_usage_for_bash_progs&rev=1462800094&do=diff Stolen from: stackexchange.com #!/bin/sh set -eu if [ "$#" -lt 2 ] then echo Usage: `basename $0` "<limit> <command>..." exit 1 fi limit="$1" shift cgname="limitmem_$$" echo "limiting memory to $limit (cgroup $cgname) for command $@" >&2 cgm create memory "$cgname" >/dev/null cgm setvalue memory "$cgname" memory.limit_in_bytes "$limit" >/dev/null # try also limiting swap usage, but this fails if the system has no swap cgm setvalue memory "$cgname" memory.memsw.limit_in_byt… text/html 2016-07-14T07:02:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=logging_file_acces_via_php&rev=1468479728&do=diff logging acces to attacked files under apache via php Lets say my server is scanned by scripts from time to time. I see popping up a 404 error un the logs for /libraries/joomla/exporter.php which is not a file belonging to joomla and exists only on hacked joomla instances, so theres no reason to GET this file other than malicious ones. So I've placed a file there, which logs the connection attempts text/html 2015-12-19T14:59:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=mathematics_in_bash&rev=1450537157&do=diff * Math on the cli Basic operations $ echo $((1+1)) 2 $ echo $((3-1)) 2 $ echo $((4/2)) 2 $ echo $((1*2)) 2 Basic ops using expr $ expr 60 / 5 12 Floating point calculations $ echo "2*2.2/2.2" | bc 2 $ echo "4.4+7/8-(4.74*3.14)" | bc -10.48 using here-doc $ bc <<< "4.4+7/8-(4.74*3.14)" -10.48 a bash funtion, for your .bashrc calc () { bc -l <<< "$@" } usage: $ calc 65320*670 43764400 text/html 2017-09-26T09:07:44+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=redhat_centos_making_oddjob-mkhomedir_working&rev=1506416864&do=diff Centos/RedHat: Making oddjob-mkhomedir work for services of which authconfig isn't aware: Example etx service (Exceed Opentext Turbo X server) # vi /etc/pam.d/etx-mkhomedir.sh #!/bin/sh dbus-send --system --dest=com.redhat.oddjob_mkhomedir --print-reply / com.redhat.oddjob_mkhomedir.mkhomedirfor string:"$PAM_USER" text/html 2018-05-08T12:58:02+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=rsync_loop_script&rev=1525784282&do=diff Loops rsync until exitcode is 0 #!/bin/bash while [ 1 ] do rsync -avz --partial source dest if [ "$?" = "0" ] ; then echo "rsync completed normally" exit else echo "Rsync failure. Backing off and retrying..." sleep 180 fi done text/html 2016-05-06T06:56:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=run_sieve_filters_locally&rev=1462517773&do=diff You wonder how to test and use your sieve scripts locally on your mailserver? dry-run sieve-filter -v -C -u user@domain.tld /var/vmail/domain.tld/user/sieve/scriptname.sieve 'INBOX' execute (note the additional -e -W) sieve-filter -v -C -e -W -u user@domain.tld /var/vmail/domain.tld/user/sieve/scriptname.sieve 'INBOX' text/html 2019-06-28T21:49:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=schwarzfahrerdb&rev=1561758548&do=diff not yet text/html 2015-12-19T14:59:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=scrolling_in_screen&rev=1450537157&do=diff You need to use the following key combination to scroll up and look at your data under GNU screen. First press: CTRL-A Next press: [ This will activate copy mode in GNU/screen. Now, you can scroll up/down and look at your data. Use the following keys: * Unordered List ItemCTRL-u and CTRL-d scroll the display up/down by the specified amount of lines while preserving the cursor position. (Default: half screen-full). * CTRL-b and C-f scroll the display up/down a full screen. * To exit co… text/html 2022-03-28T17:50:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=sea_saba&rev=1648489801&do=diff Saba is such a beauty, such a grace text/html 2019-04-11T08:00:28+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=set_stationary_mode_for_u-blox_gps_receiver&rev=1554969628&do=diff credit goes to: <https://gist.github.com/SlightlyLoony/d94cce218a9f650e6ad2de6a6ae7550e> Compile it: gcc set-gps-mode.c -o set-gps-mode Run it: ./set-gps-mode Synchronized... Stationary mode successfully set... Synchronized... Configuration successfully saved... Source code: #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <termios.h> /* Simple program that sets stationary mode in U-Blox GPS connected to serial 0 on a Raspberry Pi 3 running Jessie. This was not te… text/html 2024-12-10T14:05:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=set_systemd_timer_to_run_every_10_seconds&rev=1733839536&do=diff yum -y install sysstat export SYSTEMD_EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim systemctl edit sysstat-collect.timer cat /etc/systemd/system/sysstat-collect.timer.d/override.conf [Unit] Description=Run system activity accounting tool every 10 seconds # Start 10 seconds after boot and repeat every 10 seconds [Timer] OnBootSec=10s OnUnitActiveSec=10s AccuracySec=1s [Install] WantedBy=sysstat.service systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable --now sysstat sysstat is now collecting data every 10 seconds. (+1sec ex… text/html 2024-12-10T14:06:38+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=set_systemd_timer_to_run_sysstat_every_10_seconds&rev=1733839598&do=diff yum -y install sysstat export SYSTEMD_EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim systemctl edit sysstat-collect.timer cat /etc/systemd/system/sysstat-collect.timer.d/override.conf [Unit] Description=Run system activity accounting tool every 10 seconds # Start 10 seconds after boot and repeat every 10 seconds [Timer] OnBootSec=10s OnUnitActiveSec=10s AccuracySec=1s [Install] WantedBy=sysstat.service systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable --now sysstat sysstat is now collecting data every 10 seconds. (+1sec ex… text/html 2017-12-15T16:08:38+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=slow_ssh_connection&rev=1513354118&do=diff SSH session slow to start? It's the DNS mate! Ever tried logging into a machine with ssh and found you have to wait much longer than reasonable for the session to start? There are a couple of very simple ways to fix that: add "UseDNS no" to /etc/ssh/sshd_config or add the client's net address to the server's /etc/hosts text/html 2016-09-15T11:34:00+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=snom_tel.search.ch_lookup&rev=1473939240&do=diff Snom tel.search.ch lookup Snom Phones are able to call Action URLs on incomin calls. Just put this line into: Setup -> Action URL Settings -> Incoming call: http://www.spacerat.ch/call.php?caller=$remote&line=$local <?php // Adressabfrage via tel.search.ch v1.0 // Siehe http://picks.ch/voip-telefon-snom-370/ // Server interessiert nicht. Wir brauchen die Rufnummer. $tmp = explode('@', $_GET['caller']); $caller = $tmp[0]; $origin = $caller; askTelsearch($caller); // Falls wir keine Result… text/html 2020-02-11T09:24:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=some_filesystem_benchmarks_compared_regarding_zfs_especially&rev=1581413065&do=diff Some Filesystem Benchmarks compared, regarding ZFS especially [PDF] text/html 2020-02-10T15:31:13+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=some_filesystem_benchmarks&rev=1581348673&do=diff Some Filesystem benchmarks Some write speed tests on different Unix FS. Surely this is not true in any situation, but as it was done on the same HW with same specs it is relatively high quality. Blocksize time to create a 50 GB file XFS EXT4 BTRFS ZFSoL ZFSnative 512 8m6.799s 7m3.175s 7m42.553s 32m1.321s 9m25.898s 1024 4m18.668s 3m52.743s 4m54.397s 17m46.575s 5m9.074s 2048 2m41.528s 2m22.762s 3m1.718s 9m20.834s 2m53.576s 4096 1m39.691s 1m25.329 1m31.… text/html 2015-12-19T14:59:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=ssh_reverse_tunneling&rev=1450537157&do=diff SSH reverse tunneling First make sure, you have passwordless auth on the systems. use ssh-copy-id for that. Dest | NAT | Source on the Dest Host: ssh -f -N -R 10000:localhost:22 sourceuser@Dest on the Source Host: ssh localhost -p 10000 Problem with that solution is, that you always have to make sure that the tunnel from Dest to Source is in place. You can do that by a cronjob for example. But you may want to prefer to use autossh! text/html 2024-12-10T14:06:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=start&rev=1733839568&do=diff Unix things * Imperial Beep (The Star Wars Imperial March as beeps from the PC speaker) * Bash oneliners * Scrolling in screen * Mathematics in bash * SSH reverse tunneling * vi cheat sheet / swiss german keyboard layout commands * Chrooted bind9 on Jessie * Fix mysql / logrotate error on Jessie * Connect to remote mysql through putty (windows client / linux server) * GeoIP iptables blocking * run sieve filters locally * limit memory/swap usage for bash progs * SSH ses… text/html 2015-12-19T14:59:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://spacerat.ch/doku.php?id=vi_cheat_sheet_swiss_german_keyboard_layout_commands&rev=1450537157&do=diff vi(m) cheat sheet